2015 Volume 11 – Store Elementsmagazine

Arc Magmatic Tempos, April 2015, Vol. 11, No. 2

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Arc Magmatic Tempos

April 2015, Vol. 11, No. 2

Research over the past decade has established that magmatism in oceanic and continental arcs is not temporally or spatially steady-state. The causes of well-documented order of magnitude increases in magmatic production over relatively short-lived, high-volume events remain controversial. Since the differentiation of our planet and formation of the continental crust and its underlying mantle lithosphere is in large part the result of magmatic processes at convergent margins, it is imperative that we understand the underlying controls on the tempo of magmatic and tectonic activity in arcs and the episodic nature of magmatism. These processes also influence socially important processes such as long-term climate change, volcanic and fault hazards, and ore deposition. This issue provides an overview of some recently developed models for episodic behavior in subduction magmatism, from global to single magmatic systems, and explore the causes of high-volume events in subduction-related magmas.

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Expert Contributors: Articles written by renowned researchers in the field of geoscience.
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Apatite: A Mineral For All Seasons, June 2015, Vol. 11, No. 3

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Apatite: A Mineral For All Seasons

June 2015, Vol. 11, No. 3

At the intersection of the biological, geological, and materials science realms, the topic of apatite is highly diverse and interdisciplinary. Apatite-group minerals are the dominant phosphates in the geosphere and biosphere. They are found in virtually all rock types as the principal sink for phosphorus and fluorine, and in many cases yttrium and the rare earth elements. They form the major mineral component in vertebrate bones and are the base of the global phosphorus cycle. The isotope chemistry of U, Th, and Pb in apatite has led to their broad application in geochronology. Last, the physical and chemical properties of apatite group minerals make them ideal for many technological applications, including phosphors, lasers, prosthetics, ceramics, metal sequestration agents, and potential solid nuclear waste forms. This issue of Elements presents cutting-edge research on apatite with regard to (1) geochemical investigations on crustal and mantle processes on Earth, (2) biological processes, (3) practical applications in industry, and (4) geochemical processes in extraterrestrial environments.

Why You’ll Love Elements Magazine:

Expert Contributors: Articles written by renowned researchers in the field of geoscience.
Engaging Content: Join a community of readers who are passionate about Elements.
Exceptional Quality: Each issue is printed on high-quality paper with stunning visuals and detailed illustrations that bring complex scientific concepts to life.

Order your copy of the June 2015 issue of Elements magazine today and discover apatite: a mineral for all seasons.

Social And Economic Impact Of Geochemistry, August 2015, Vol. 11, No. 4

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Social And Economic Impact Of Geochemistry

August 2015, Vol. 11, No. 4

As geochemists and mineralogists, we are well aware of the impact of our science and when pushed we can often reel out great examples where our discoveries have influenced industry and the social wellbeing on the planet. However, this sort of drum-beating is not intuitive, and the explicit need to demonstrate impact in our science is, in many nations, being used as a measure of the required funding level for our discipline. The papers in this issue shows how we use geochemistry to achieve impact, and they provide the basic science coupled to case studies from the hydrocarbon, mineral, environmental, and health and nutrition fields. The authors document economic estimates of the benefits of their science; an example is the role of mass spectrometry in the oil and gas sector, in disease control, and in the use of isotopic tracers in mineral exploration.

Why You’ll Love Elements Magazine:

Expert Contributors: Articles written by renowned researchers in the field of geoscience.
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Exceptional Quality: Each issue is printed on high-quality paper with stunning visuals and detailed illustrations that bring complex scientific concepts to life.

Order your copy of the August 2015 issue of Elements magazine today and explore the social and economic impact of geochemistry.

Supergene Metal Deposits, October 2015, Vol. 11, No. 5

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Supergene Metal Deposits

October 2015, Vol. 11, No. 5

Supergene metal deposits form when deeply buried orebodies are exposed at the surface and undergo oxidation, dissolution, and significant reconcentration of metals. Much of the global economic and scientific interest in these ores stems from their mineralogical diversity and advantages for exploitation due to their surficial development and increased grades. Supergene deposits contribute significantly to the world’s supply of metals, such as copper, aluminum, and nickel. They are also increasingly being explored and exploited as alternative sources for “critical metals,” including rare earth elements and strategic metals, which are widely used in technology and low-carbon energy applications. Furthermore, supergene metal deposits provide clues about our past climate and offer an unparalleled opportunity to explore the long-term corrosion behavior and environmental impact of natural and man-made materials. This issue of Elements highlights some of the most recent advances in the field, including cutting-edge research in economic geology, paleoclimate and geoarcheology studies, environmental geochemistry, geobiology, and corrosion science.

Why You’ll Love Elements Magazine:

Expert Contributors: Articles written by renowned researchers in the field of geoscience.
Engaging Content: Join a community of readers who are passionate about Elements.
Exceptional Quality: Each issue is printed on high-quality paper with stunning visuals and detailed illustrations that bring complex scientific concepts to life.

Order your copy of the October 2015 issue of Elements magazine today and explore supergene metal deposits.

Geomicrobiology And Microbial Geochemistry, December 2015, Vol. 11, No. 6

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Geomicrobiology And Microbial Geochemistry

December 2015, Vol. 11, No. 6

Microbes drive the interplay of Earth and life and thus control critical processes in ocean, atmosphere, and terrestrial environments. Indeed, this unseen part of our world has regulated the cycling of key elements throughout geologic time. The field of microbial geochemistry is rapidly advancing our understanding of the chemical, biological, and geologic processes that regulate this cycling. Moreover, with the rapid developments in “omics” techniques (genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics), a revolution is now underway. New studies are coupling these methods with our geochemical understanding of microbial populations to provide unprecedented insights into how microorganisms shape their surroundings and how geochemistry shapes microbial populations. The authors show how linking geochemical and microbial information brings understanding of the role of microbes in element cycling in modern and ancient environments.

Why You’ll Love Elements Magazine:

Expert Contributors: Articles written by renowned researchers in the field of geoscience.
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Exceptional Quality: Each issue is printed on high-quality paper with stunning visuals and detailed illustrations that bring complex scientific concepts to life.

Order your copy of the December 2015 issue of Elements magazine today and delve into geomicrobiology and microbial geochemistry.

Mineralogy Of Mars, February 2015, Vol. 11, No. 1

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Mineralogy Of Mars

February 2015, Vol. 11, No. 1

The Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity touched down on the surface of Mars on August 5, 2012. Curiosity was built to search and explore for habitable environments. The rover has a lifetime of at least one Mars year (~23 months) and a drive capability of more than 20 km. The MSL science payload can assess ancient habitability, which requires the detection of former water, a source of energy to fuel microbial metabolism, and key elements such as carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Within 8 months of landing, we were able to confirm full mission success. This was based on the discovery of fine-grained sedimentary rocks, inferred to represent an ancient lake. These rocks (Sheepbed mudstone) preserve evidence of an aqueous paleoenvironment that would have been suited to support a Martian biosphere founded on chemolithoautotrophy and characterized by neutral pH, low salinity, and variable redox states for both iron and sulfur species. C, H, N, O, S, and P were measured directly as key biogenic elements. The environment likely had a minimum duration of hundreds to tens of thousands of years. These results highlight the biological viability of fluvial–lacustrine environments in the ancient history of Mars and the value of robots in geologic exploration.

Why You’ll Love Elements Magazine:

Expert Contributors: Articles written by renowned researchers in the field of geoscience.
Engaging Content: Join a community of readers who are passionate about Elements.
Exceptional Quality: Each issue is printed on high-quality paper with stunning visuals and detailed illustrations that bring complex scientific concepts to life.

Order your copy of the February 2015 issue of Elements magazine today and explore the mineralogy of Mars.